The main stock indexes in Europe closed mostly lower.

The Stoxx 600 index in Europe fell by 0.12%, the Stoxx index in Europe fell by 0.43%, and the Eurozone blue chip index fell by 0.41%. The UK's FTSE 100 index rose by 0.32%, Germany's DAX index rose by 0.2%, France's CAC 40 index fell by 0.37%, and Spain's IBEX index fell by 1.21%.